When your water is actually flowing, your pump will need to feed at this rate. Chlorine article about chlorine by the free dictionary. Highly recommended to calculate ppm required in many different industries. Assume an initial chlorine dose of 100 mgl and a volume of 18,800 gallons. Chronic longterm exposure to chlorine gas in workers has resulted in. Ideal gas law equations calculator science physics chemistry formulas. To achieve 5 mgl chlorine in a litre tank add approximately 8 grams of 65% calcium hypochlorite. How do i tell if the density of these objects increase. Sodium hypochlorite bleach calculations, available.
Chlorine is a chemical element with the symbol cl and atomic number 17. To calculate the density of chlorine gas, we use the equation. Acute chlorine toxicity causes damage to the respiratory tract and usually occurs with shortterm, highlevel exposures such as spills. Gasco calibration gas meets or exceeds the requirements of the original gas detection equipment manufactures specifications. It also contains densities and specific weights of common gases at stan. Gas density and specific volume calculator at globalspec. Molecular weights for acetylene, air, ammonia, argon, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, chlorine, hydrogen, natural gas, nitrogen, oxygen, propane and steam are. Common uses for chlorine are water purification, bleaching and the manufacture of various chemicals.
Ideal gas law equations formulas calculator density. Longterm exposure to chlorine gas in workers has resulted in respiratory effects including eye and throat irritation and airflow obstruction. Molar mass is defined as the mass of 1 mole of a substance. Pool free chlorine calculator pool calculator pool. The ratio of the density of chlorine gas at standard conditions to the density of air under the same conditions. Chlorine dilution calculator this easytouse calculator tells you how much bleach product to dilute with water to get your desired concentration ppm of chlorine solution. It is an extremely reactive element and a strong oxidising agent. The density of liquid chlorine at its boiling point is 1. Chlorine gas is supplied in steel cylinders, as a compressed gas in a liquid state. Chlorine gas article about chlorine gas by the free. Chlorine element properties free online math calculator and. Chlorine gas is greenishyellow in color and chlorine liquid is clear amber. Chlorine colorimetric gas detector tubes for detection of airborne gases and vapors colorimetric chlorine 0. How to size a chlorine feed pump the calculations below will size a chlorine feed pump in gallons per day gpd as if the water to be chlorinated was running all the time during a 24 hour day.
To calculate grams of 65% calcium hypochlorite granular or powdered chlorine required to disinfect the water in a tank. To model this process, jalalieh water treatment plant located between fatemi square and fatemi crossroad, which is one of the high density areas of city of tehran, was studied. As a safety feature, the cylinders are fitted with fusible plugs that will melt at about 165 f. This calculator determines the mass density of natural gas using the aga8 detailed characterization equation i. The odor of chlorine is very irritating and penetrating and can be detected as low as 3 ppmvol.
Then, you determine that the metal absorbs 698 j of energy. Therefore, any chlorine leak will seek the lowest level. The gas is toxic and severe irritant by contact or inhalation. Chlorine is the most popular disinfectant for swimming pools. Cylinder pressures will range from 28 psi at 20 f to 191 psi at 120 f. Gas density in atoms or molecules per volume, assuming a monatomic gas unless the substance is given as molecule.
Accidental release of chlorine from a storage facility and. You have to know the mass and the volume of the gas. Very useful app to determine volume or weight of chlorine both liquid sodium hypochlorite or granular calcium hypochlorite in disinfection processes. In order to easily determine the amount of water needed to dilute any strength of sodium hypochlorite to achieve a specified strength of final product, powell has created the interactive program below. Chlorine dioxide is an unstable compound that is prepared by mixing dilute solutions of chlorine and sodium chlorite but is a stronger oxidizing agent than hypochlorite. M c h l o r i n e h a n d b o o k occidental petroleum. Critical density data from nist standard reference database 69. Free chlorine is most commonly tested because it represents the amount of chlorine free for disinfecting. Chlorine is very effective at eliminating most microorganisms in the water that. The tool is available in both english and metric units and includes calculations for grams per liter available chlorine, grams per liter excess caustic, grams per liter sodium chlorate, weight percent of caustic for chlorination, trade percent of available chlorine, wt. The process proceeds according to the following chemical equation. There are three main measurements for chlorine, free chlorinefc, combined chlorinecc, ad total chlorinetc. Infant growth charts baby percentiles overtime pay rate calculator salary hourly pay converter jobs percent off sale discount calculator pay raise increase calculator linear interpolation calculator dog age calculator ideal gas law calculator loan calculator finance calculator density calculator reynolds number calculator child height.
The gas density and specific volume calculator calculates the density and specific volume of gas based on a modified version of the ideal gas law. Chlorine reacts with water forming hydrogen chloridehydrochloric acid depending on water content. There are three main measurements for chlorine, free chlorine fc, combined chlorine cc, ad total chlorine tc. Ideal gas law equation calculator solving for density given pressure, specific gas constant and temperature. Water density, specific weight and thermal expansion coefficient. Chlorine calibration gas, cl2 calibration gas, chlorine test gas. Anhydrous hydrogen chloride, ahcl, is a colorless gas with a sharp, irritating odor. Chlorine has a pungent, irritating odor similar to bleach that is detectable at low concentrations. Chlorine calibration gas, cl2 calibration gas, chlorine. Overnight shipping available on many chlorine calibration gas mixtures united states only. How do you calculate the concentration of sodium hypochlorite. P is the absolute pressure of the gas, v is the volume of the gas, n is the number of moles of gas, t is the absolute temperature of the gas, r is the universal gas constant. Pool free chlorine calculator pool chemical calculator. Sodium hypochlorite bleach calculations, available chlorine.
All of our gasco calibration gas cylinders ship with a certificate of analysis coa. Hydrogen chloride general information about hydrogen chloride gas. Properties chlorine gas is about two and onehalf times heavier than air. With the effects calculator you can measure the effects on pool chemistry of adding a given dose of. Nist chemistry webbook the national institute of standards and technology nist uses its best efforts to deliver a high quality copy of the database and to verify that the data contained therein have been selected on the basis of sound scientific judgment.
Specific gravity of cl2 gas, the ratio of the density of chlorine gas at standard. Nist chemistry webbook the national institute of standards and technology nist uses its best efforts to deliver a high quality copy of the database and to verify that the data contained therein have been selected on. Please note the above calculations are only estimates. Pressure peak in dosing head at pressure stroke lutz. Chlorine dilution calculator public health ontario. Chlorine analysis in gas or liquid from applied analytics. It is readily absorbed in water to form hydrochloric acid. Calculating the flow rate from the cv value requires complex calculations. Calcium hypochlorite contains 66% chlorine, and has been used in inline dispensers for hosedown applications. Dispersion modeling of accidental release of chlorine gas. The article on the density of chlorine, bromine, and iodine at high temperatures which appeared in nature, vol.
The tricky part with gases is that you are often given pressures and temperatures with no mention of volume. It is a greenishyellow, disagreeable gas with irritating odour. Chlorine appears as a greenish yellow gas with a pungent suffocating odor. P is the absolute pressure of the gas, v is the volume of the gas, n is the number of moles of gas, t is the absolute temperature of. There are times when you might be asked the density of a gas at something other than stp. Jan 25, 2017 chlorine gas injury is seen after industrial and occupational exposure, accidental spills and deliberate poisoning. The origin of the name comes from the greek word chloros meaning pale green. Chlorine safety scrubbing systems edition 1 3 page of 47 table of contents 1 general information 6 1. It is very hydroscopic attracts moisture and in moist air, forms white fumes which are a mist of hydrochloric acid. Chlorine cl 2 is considered a pollutant gas for dispersion modelling since it is one of the most commonly produced and used industrial chemicals in the world paul et al. Gas density, molecular weight and density teknopoli. In 1630, belgian jean baptiste van helmont wrote of a salt gas that we know contained chlorine, but it wasnt until 1774 that swedish apothecary, carl wilhelm scheele, generated, collected, and studied chlorine as an end in itself. The amount of water added to dilute strong sodium hypochlorite calculated in this interactive program is approximate and accurate to within plus or minus 2%.
Math geometry physics force fluid mechanics finance loan calculator. Chlorine pentafluoride clf 5 is made on a large scale by direct fluorination of chlorine with excess fluorine gas at 350 c and 250 atm, and on a small scale by reacting metal chlorides with fluorine gas at 100300 c. Gasco calibration gas is national institute of standards and technology nist traceable, gasco calibration gas is made in the usa, and produced using an iso 9001. The secondlightest of the halogens, it appears between fluorine and bromine in the periodic table and its properties are mostly intermediate between them. You have to figure it out from the other information. The density of chlorine gas at normal conditions is 3. Modeling and assessing risk analysis of chlorine gas in. The pressure in the cylinder is dependent upon the temperature of the cylinder. Chlorine residual the amount of chlorine remaining after a specified contact period. It is intended for use by public health units, health care facilities, child care centres, swimming pool operators, and the general public e. Calculate the density of chlorine gas in gl, at stp.
The data on physical properties of chlorine as determined by different investigators show some variations. As a disinfectant, chlorine gas is very effective and economical, and is easy to use and maintain, however, chlorine is a potent irritant to the eyes, upper respiratory tract, and lungs. The sensidyne gas detector tube system and chlorine 0. Chlorine gas article about chlorine gas by the free dictionary. Calculating gas chlorine dosage pounds of chlorine needed can be determined using the volume and dose. We are required to calculate the number of moles of chlorine gas, to find the number of moles we are going to use the ideal gas equation. More recently, chlorine gas has again been used as a weapon of war.
Gasco chlorine calibration detection gas also known as cal gas, is used for the calibration and maintenance of gas detectors and sensors. Modeling and assessing risk analysis of chlorine gas in water. Chlorine is a chemical element with atomic number 17. The discharge rate calculations have been performed for the release of chlorine in liquidgas phase. Below ph 11 the decomposition of sodium hypochlorite is significant due to the shift in the equilibrium in favor of the more. Readily liquefied by pressure applied at room temperature. Calcium hypochlorite an overview sciencedirect topics. More recently, chlorine gas has again been used as. The ph has a significant effect on the stability of sodium hypochlorite solutions.
The density of air, free of moisture at the same conditions is 1. Iso 1222 2006 natural gas calculation of compression factor part 2. Chlorine gas is a greenishyellow gas at room temperature, generated from sodium chloride. Chlorine residual the amount of chlorine remaining after a. Common uses for chlorine are water purification, bleaching and the manufacture of. Chlorine gas injury is seen after industrial and occupational exposure, accidental spills and deliberate poisoning. In those cases, use the general method as explained by m w. Contact with unconfined liquid can cause frostbite by evaporative cooling.
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